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Skillful farming () them to support a a large population.
A.commanded
B.demanded
C.enabled
D.required
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A.commanded
B.demanded
C.enabled
D.required
"Desperate" means ______.
A. in great need
B. reckless
C. hopeless
D. skillful
A.competent
B.capable
C.able
D.Skillful
The sentence that could be considered the topic sentence begins with__________ .
A.Let US take a look
B.A human body appears to be
C.Indeed,it is very softness
D.Man iS the most skillful
A.A large number of skillful staff and expertise.
B.Effective internal control system.
C.Complex accounting system.
D.Widespread use of electronic data processing.
The use of chemicals and fertilizers in farming is meant to increase ______.
A.the quantity of foods
B.the quality of foods
C.either the quantity or the quality of foods
D.the quality as well as the quantity
A.livestock
B.farmers
C.machines
D.extra labourers
The review study,"Organic Agriculture in the 21st Century,”is featured as the cover story for theFebruary issue of the journal Nature Plants. It is the first to compare organic and conventional agricultureacross the main goals of sustainability identified by the National Academy of Sciences: productivity,economics,and environment.
Critics have long argued that organic agriculture is inefficient,requiring more land to yield the sameamount of food. It's true that organic farming produces lower yields,averaging 10 to 20 percent less thanconventional. Advocates contend that the environmental advantages of organic agriculture far outweighthe lower yields,and that increasing research and breeding resources for organic systems would reduce theyield gap.Sometimes excluded from these arguments is the fact that we already produce enough food tomore than feed the world's 7.4 billion people but do not provide adequate access to all individuals
In some cases,organic yields can be higher than conventional. For example,in severe droughtconditions,which are expected to increase with climate change in many areas,organic farms can produceas good,if not better,yields because of the higher water-holding capacity of organically farmed soils.
What science does tell us is that mainstream conventional farming systems have provided growingsupplies of food and other products but often at the expense of other sustainability goals.
Conventional agriculture may produce more food,but it often comes at a cost to the environment.Biodiversity loss,environmental degradation,and severe impacts on ecosystem services have not onlyaccompanied conventional farming systems but have often extended well beyond their field boundaries.With organic agriculture,environmental costs tend to be lower and the benefits greater.
Overall,organic farms tend to store more soil carbon,have better soil quality, and reduce soil erosioncompared to their conventional counterparts. Organic agriculture also creates less soil and water pollutionand lower greenhouse gas emissions. And it's more energy-efficient because it doesn't rely on syntheticfertilizers or pesticides.
Organic agriculture is also associated with greater biodiversity of plants,animals,insects andmicroorganisms as well as genetic diversity. Biodiversity increases the services that nature provides andimproves the ability of farming systems to adapt to changing conditions.
Despite lower yields,organic agriculture is more profitable for farmers because consumers are willingto pay more.Higher prices,called price premiums,can be justified as a way to compensate farmers forproviding ecosystem services and avoiding environmental damage or external costs.
51. What do we learn from the conclusion of the author's review study?
A)More resources should be tapped for feeding the world's population.
B)Organic farming may be exploited to solve the global food problem.
C)The long-term prospects of organic farming are yet to be explored.
D) Organic farming is at least as promising as conventional farming.
52. What is the critics' argument against organic farming?
A)It cannot meet the need for food.
B) It cannot increase farm yields.
C )It is not really practical.
D) It is not that productive.
53. What does the author think should be taken into account in arguing about organic farming?
A)Growth in world population.
B)Deterioration in soil fertility.
C) Inequality in food distribution.
D)Advance in farming technology.
54. What does science tell us about conventional farming?
A) It will not be able to meet global food demand.
B)It is not conducive to sustainable development.
C) It will eventually give way to organic farming.
D) It is going mainstream throughout the world.
55. Why does the author think higher prices of organic farm produce are justifiable?
A)They give farmers going organic a big competitive edge.
B)They motivate farmers to upgrade farming technology.
C) Organic farming costs more than conventional farming.
D)Organic farming does long-term good to the ecosystem.
阅读下列短文,然后根据短文的内容从 58~61 小题的四个选择项中选出最佳的一项。
C
Have you ever argued with your loved ones over simple misunderstandings(误解)?Little wonder. We often believe we're more skillful in getting our point across than we actually are,according to Boza Keysar,a professor at the University of Chicago. In his recent study,speakers tried to express their meanings using unclear sentences. Speakers who thought listeners understood were wrong nearly half the time. Here‘s some good advice to reduce misunderstanding:
(1)Don't trust what you see from the listener. Listeners often nod,look at you or say“uhhuh”to be polite or move the conversation along. But it‘s easy to consider these as signs of understanding.
(2)Train the editor(编辑)in your head. If you say,“Beth discusses her problems with her husband,”it's not clear whether she‘s talking to her husband or about him. Try instead,“Beth talks to her husband about her problems.”or“Beth talks to others about the problems with her husband.”
(3)Ask listeners to repeat your message. Introduce your request by saying“I want to be sure I said that right.”Questions like“How does that sound?”or“Does that make sense?”may also work.
(4)Listen well. When on the receiving end,ask questions to be sure you're on the same page. After all,it isn‘t just the speaker's job to make his speech understood.
第 58 题 Why does the writer give us the advice?
A.We're not skillful enough to make clear sentences.
B.Misunderstanding is damaging our normal lives.
C.Misunderstanding occurs now and then.
D.It's impolite to say NO to others.
Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount-- but not the quality -- of foods grown in commercial farming areas.
Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins.
There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fiber has been removed. But it is presented in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence emphasis placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modem experts on "healthy eating."
According to this passage, people becoming interested in natural foods because ______.
A.they are getting fired of processed foods
B.they want to change their eating habits
C.a lot of the foods they eat is not healthy
D.food experts recommend them to have natural foods