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[单选题]

（)the reactions of top managers, middle managers remained silent or provided optimisti

A.Feared

B.Fearing

C.Fear

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第1题

Psychiatric tests show that a well-balanced person gets much angrier when offended than an

abnormal person does. At the New York State Psychiatric Institute, Dr. James Page and Professor of Psychology Carney Landis of Columbia University studied the reaction of 200 normal persons and 210 abnormal persons. They tested their reactions to annoying situations of every type and variety such as: being laughed at, being repeatedly disconnected on the telephone, accidentally hitting their thumb with a hammer, being worked on by a backseat driver, being told to "shut up" and mind their own business, discovering someone cheating in a friendly card game, etc. In almost every instance the anger reaction of the normal group was much more intense than that of the abnormal one.

"This," they reported, "is agreeing with other psychiatric findings. For one of the outstanding symptoms of mental unbalance is lack of emotion. So if you blow your top when you hit your head against a piece of furniture, or when your girlfriend goes out with another young man--don't worry about it. It is just a sign that you are normal."

The passage mainly deals with ______.

A．psychiatric studies of different types of anger reactions

B．the reactions of abnormal person to annoying situations

C．emotional reactions shown by normal and abnormal persons

D．the level of anger reactions shown by well-balanced persons

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第2题

Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a momen

t and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.

Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.

But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing, Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.

Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases-or hire outside screeners.

John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation; two days, not two seconds.

Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: doge can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.

The time needed in making decisions may____ .

A.vary according to the urgency of the situation

B.prove the complexity of our brain reaction

C.depend on the importance of the assessment

D.predetermine the accuracy of our judgment

John Gottman says that reliable snap reaction are based on____ .

A.critical assessment

B.“thin sliced”study

C.sensible explanation

D.adequate information

The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is____ .A.tolerant

B.uncertain

C.optimistic

D.doubtful

Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snao decisions____ .A.can be associative

B.are not unconscious

C.can be dangerous

D.are not impulsive

To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions,we should____ .A.trust our first impression

B.do as people usually do

C.think before we act

D.ask for expert advice

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第3题

The passage is mainly about______. A. how individuals can help make a difference B.

The passage is mainly about______.

A. how individuals can help make a difference

B. running a neighborhood meeting to solve its problems

C. citizens' reactions to the problems they face

D. solving problems through group action

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第4题

As in most ethical situations, making a true or false promise involves other people. Almos

t every time we ask "What should I do？" we are aware that other people are involved in our behavior. Why should someone ask himself before making a false promise, "Is it right？" It may be that he is afraid of being found out. He may, however, wonder whether it is fair to the other person. How we relate ourselves to others or how we behavior. affects others makes up most of the subject matter of ethics. Being aware of others is more than wondering how our actions will affect them; we are also Concerned about how the behavior. of others will affect us. There is no satisfactory way for us to avoid the presence of other people. The most we can do is try to arrange the rules of behavior, of ethics, in order to reduce the amount of friction and conflict and thereby achieve the greatest amount of harmony. Whether our actions are right and good will depend to a great extent on the effect they will have on others. Actions such as telling a falsehood, stealing, injuring, and killing are considered wrong most of the time because they result in varying degrees of harm to someone. They also produce reactions from the victims, who in effect say, "If it is right for you to do that to me, then I will not hesitate to do the same thing to you."

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第5题

Feeling tired lately？ Has the doctor said he cannot find anything wrong with you？ Perhaps

he sent you to a hospital, but all the advanced equipment there shows that there is nothing wrong.

Then consider this, you might be in a state of subhealth(亚健康).

Subhealth, also called the third state or grey state, is explained as a border line(临界)state between health and disease. According to an investigation by the National Health Organization, over 45 percent of subhealthy people are middle aged or elderly. The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam time.

Symptoms(症状)include a lack of energy, depression, slow reactions, insomnia(失眠), agitation(焦虑)and poor memory. Other symptoms include shortness of breath, sweating and aching in the waist and legs.

The key to preventing and recovering from subhealth, according to some medical experts, is to form. good living habits, alternate work with rest, exercise regularly, and take part in open-air activities.

As for meals, people are advised to eat less salt and sugar. They should also eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, fish, because they are rich in nutritional(营养的)elements--vitamins, and trace elements(微量元素)--that are important to the body.

Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract(消化道). They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding subhealth.

According to this passage, which of the following is right？

A．When you are in a state of subhealth, you shoud go to see a doctor and buy some medicine.

B．When you are in a state of subhealth, you should stay home and keep silent.

C．When you are in a state of subhealth, you should find out the reasons and relax yourself

D．When you are in a state of subhealth, you shoud have yourself examined in foreign countries.

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第6题

Jupiter Communications, a market research firm, reports that 72% of teenagers in the U

nited States will be online by 2003 (Stanton, 2000). This alone indicates that students will learn and communicate electronically more than any previous generation. At the same time, teenagers are not the only digital learners. With the growing number of online courses, the increasing accessibility of computers, and the increasing number of computer users, students of all ages are taking advantage of distance learning or are using computers to enhance the traditional classroom experience.

Two things emerge in the study of students’attitudes toward online learning: individual situations impact students’ perceptions of computer-based learning, and students’ varied individual characteristics make it difficult to define their perceptions conclusively. For example, some students have their own computers, while others rely on computer labs. Such variation in computer access can result in attitudinal differences. In addition, the purpose of computer use varies. Distance education courses, for example, use computers in different ways than traditional classrooms, which can also affect students’ perceptions. A wide variety of achievement levels and attitudes exist among both online and traditional learners. Although an illusory “typical learner” exists, a variety of factors, including students’ gender, age, and motivation, could explain different reactions among the student population.

1).According to the passage, what does "digital learners" mean？（）

A、Learners of mathematics

B、Learners of information technology

C、Computer users

D、Online learners

2).What will make online learning more and more popular？（）

A、The crowded classrooms

B、The lower cost of computers

C、The increase of computer users

D、The previous generations interest in digital communication

3).Which of the following is the main factor that makes it difficult to define students'' perceptions of online learning definitely？（）

A、Learners'' varied locations