题目内容（请给出正确答案）

[单选题]

White blood cells concentrates should be preserved in temperature 4℃ and are valid for:

A.48 hours

B.12 hours

C.24 hours

D.72 hours

E.1 week

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第1题

If you want stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a

team of Japanese doctors, who say that most our brains are not getting enough exercises—and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.

Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.

With a team a colleague (同事) at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.

" Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise (精确的) measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and determine the human character. " The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional facilities.

Contraction of front and side parts—as cells die off—was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds.

Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age—using the head.

The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm workers, bus drivers and shop assistants.

Matsuzawa's findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. "The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain, " he says, "Think hard and engage in conversation. Don't rely on pocket calculators.

The team of doctors wanted to find out______.

A．how to make people live longer

B．the size of certain people's brains

C．which people are most intelligent

D．why certain people age sooner than others

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第2题

The reason why the brain cells of the person who both smokes and drinks heavily are dying

is that ______.

A．smoking reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of his blood

B．smoking and drinking make him malnourished

C．the problem of deficient oxygen supply and malnourishment act synergistically

D．it's the normal metabolism

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第3题

根据以下材料回答第 41～45 题： Passage Three If you want to stay young , sit down and

根据以下材料回答第 41～45 题：

Passage Three If you want to stay young , sit down and have a good think. This is the research result of Professor Faulkner , who says that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.

Professor Faulkner wanted to find out why healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and to reason at a relatively age , and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.

He set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and occupations.

Computer technology enabled him to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain , which relate to intelligence and emotion, and determine the human character.

Contraction of front and side parts—as cells die off –was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty-and seventy –year-olds.

Faulkner concluded from his tests that there is a simple way to slow the contraction-using the head.

The findings show that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Faulkner, are lawyers , followed by university professors and doctors. White-collar workers doing routine work are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.

Faulkner’s findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. “The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain , ” he says,” Think hard and engage in conversation. Don’t rely on pocket calculators.”

第 41 题 Professor Faulkner wanted to find out_________ .

A．how people’s brains shrink

B．the way of making people live longer

C．the size of certain people’s brains

D．why certain people aged sooner than others

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第4题

Senility refers to great losses of intellectual capacity that occurs in old age and is ass

ociated with the widespread loss of nerve cells and the shrinkage of brain tissue. Senility is a great decline from a previous intellectual (31) in an aging person. Memory is the mental capacity most often affected. The memory loss may first show itself clearly in simple absentmindedness or a tendency to forget or (32) things and repeat oneself in conversation. As the senility progresses, the loss of memory (33) in scope until the patient can no longer remember basic social and (34) skills or function independently. There may also be declines in the person's language skills, spatial or temporal orientation, (35) or other cognitive capacities and personality changes may also be (36) to see. Senility usually has a slow, gradual onset and is most common in persons over age 75. The most common cause of the syndrome is Alzheimer's disease, which (37) for about 50 percent of all elderly persons with unbalanced mind and is hard to restore a former state. The second most common cause is vascular senility which arises from hypertension (high blood pressure) or some other vascular condition. In this type, a series of small strokes progressively destroy small (38) of the brain, eventually leading to senility. There is no (39) for Alzheimer's disease, but vascular senility can sometimes be prevented or its (40) slowed by treatment of the underlying systemic vascular disorder. Among other significant causes of senility in the elderly are Huntington's chorea, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis.A.levelB.extentC.scopeD.criterion

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第5题

Being fat is bad for you.【B1】______that, almost everyone agrees. It is just possible,【B2】_

_____, that almost everyone is wrong. In fact, getting fat may be a mechanism that【B3】______the body. The health problems【B4】______with fatness may not be caused by it but be another【B5】______, another symptom, of overeating. That is the【B6】______of Roger Unger and Philip Scherer. Dr. Unger and Dr. Scherer have been reviewing the science of what has come to be known as metabolic syndrome. This is a cluster of symptoms such as high blood【B7】______, insulin resistance and fatness that seem to increase the【B8】______of heart disease and strokes, diabetes and liver disease. "Syndrome" is the medical term for a(n) 【B9】______of symptoms whose common cause is not【B10】______understood. The symptom of metabolic syndrome that appears first is usually【B11】______, so this is generally【B12】______as the underlying cause. Dr. Unger and Dr. Scherer,【B13】______, turn this logic on its head. They point out that there is usually a period of many years between a person becoming【B14】______and his developing the other【B15】______. If the growth of adipose tissue(the body cells in which fat is stored)were【B16】______harmful, that would not be the【B17】______. This is one of the lines of evidence that has led them to the conclusion that,【B18】______its role in storing energy as a hedge against future famine, getting fat is a protective mechanism【B19】______metabolic syndrome. Their thesis is that lipids(the group of molecules that includes fats), which are needed in small amounts to make cell membranes, are toxic in larger quantities.【B20】______them into adipose tissue is one of the bodys ways of dealing with that toxicity.

【B1】

A．In

B．At

C．With

D．On

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第6题

Thursday January 11, 2007The Guardian1. British scientists are preparing to launch trials

Thursday January 11, 2007

The Guardian1. British scientists are preparing to launch trials of a radical new way to fight cancer, which kills tumours by infecting them with viruses like the common cold.

If successful, virus therapy could eventually form. a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer, while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects.

Leonard Seymour, a professor of gene therapy at Oxford University, who has been working on the virus therapy with colleagues in London and the US, will lead the trials later this year. Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was excited by the potential of Prof Seymour"s pioneering techniques.

One of the country"s leading geneticists, Prof Seymour has been working with viruses that kill cancer cells directly, while avoiding harm to healthy tissue. "In principle, you"ve got something which could be many times more effective than regular chemotherapy," he said.

Cancer-killing viruses exploit the fact that cancer cells suppress the body"s local immune system. "If a cancer doesn"t do that, the immune system wipes it out. If you can get a virus into a tumour, viruses find them a very good place to be because there"s no immune system to stop them replicating. You can regard it as the cancer"s Achilles" heel."

Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer. "They replicate, you get a million copies in each cell and the cell bursts and they infect the tumour cells adjacent and repeat the process," said Prof Seymour.

Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours resistant to standard cancer drugs. "It"s an interesting possibility that they may have an advantage in killing drug-resistant tumours, which could be quite different to anything we"ve had before."

Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals. American scientists have previously injected viruses directly into tumours but this technique will not work if the cancer is inaccessible or has spread throughout the body.

Prof Seymour"s innovative solution is to mask the virus from the body"s immune system, effectively allowing the viruses to do what chemotherapy drugs do - spread through the blood and reach tumours wherever they are. The big hurdle has always been to find a way to deliver viruses to tumours via the bloodstream without the body"s immune system destroying them on the way.

"What we"ve done is make chemical modifications to the virus to put a polymer coat around it - it"s a stealth virus when you inject it," he said.

After the stealth virus infects the tumour, it replicates, but the copies do not have the chemical modifications. If they escape from the tumour, the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the body"s immune system.

The therapy would be especially useful for secondary cancers, called metastases, which sometimes spread around the body after the first tumour appears. "There"s an awful statistic of patients in the west ... with malignant cancers; 75% of them go on to die from metastases," said Prof Seymour.

Two viruses are likely to be examined in the first clinical trials: adenovirus, which normally causes a cold-like illness, and vaccinia, which causes cowpox and is also used in the vaccine against smallpox. For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses.

The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours, in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed. Several more years of trials will be needed, eventually also on the polymer-coated viruses, before the therapy can be considered for use in the NHS. Though the approach will be examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments, Prof Seymour hopes that one day it might be applied to all cancers.

(665 words)

Questions 29-34

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage？ For questions 29-34 write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage

Virus therapy, if successful, has an advantage in eliminating side-effects.

Cancer Research UK is quite hopeful about Professor Seymour’s work on the virus therapy.

Virus can kill cancer cells and stop them from growing again.

To infect the cancer cells, a good deal of viruses should be injected into the tumor.

Cancer’s Achilles’ heel refers to the fact that virus may stay safely in a tumor and replicate.

Researches on animals indicate that virus could be used as a new way to treat drug-resistant tumors.

To treat tumors spreading out in body, researchers try toA.change the body’ immune system

B.inject chemotherapy drugs into bloodstream.

C.increase the amount of injection

D.disguise the viruses on the way to tumors.

When the chemical modified virus in tumor replicates, the copiesA.will soon escape from the tumor and spread out.

B.will be wiped out by the body’s immune system.

C.will be immediately recognized by the researchers.

D.will eventually stop the tumor from spreading out.

Question 36-37 Based on the reading passage, choose the appropriate letter from A-D for each answer. Information about researches on viruses killing tumor cells can be found

A.on TV

B.in magazines

C.on internet

D.in newspapers

Questions 38-41 Complete the sentences below. Choose your answers from the list of words. You can only use each word once. NB There are more words in the list than spaces so you will not use them all. In the first clinical trials, scientists will try to 38___________ adenovirus and vaccinia, so both the viruses will be less pathogenic than the 39___________ These uncoated viruses will be applied directly to certain areas to confirm safety on human beings and the right 40___________ needed. The experiments will firstly be 41___________ to the treatment of certain cancers List of Words dosage responding smallpox virus disable natural ones inject directed treatment cold-like illness kill patients examined

38.___________

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第7题

Living things are ______ cells, and cells do not grow to more than twice the size they wer

e at first.

A．made from

B．made up of

C．made up from

D．made of

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第8题