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[主观题]

Most of us grow up taking certain things for granted. We tend to assume that experts and r

eligious leaders tell us" the truth". We tend to believe that things advertised on television or in newspapers can't be bad for us.

However, encouragement of critical thinking in students is one of the goals of most colleges and universities. Few professors require students to share the professors' own beliefs. In general, professors are more concerned that students learn to question and critically examine the arguments of others, including some of their own beliefs or values. This does not mean that professors insist that you change your beliefs, either. It does mean , however, that professors will usually ask you to support the views you express in class or in your writing.

If your premises (前提) are shaky, or if your arguments are not logical, professors personally point out the false reasoning in your arguments. Most professors want you to learn to recognize the premises of your arguments, to examine whether you really accept these premises, and to understand whether or not you draw logical conclusions. Put it this way. Professors don't tell you what to think; they try to teach you how to think.

On the other hand, if you intend to disagree with your professors in class, you should be prepared to offer a strong argument in support of your ideas. Arguing just for the sake of arguing usually does not promote a critical examination of ideas. Many professors interpret it as rudeness.

In the first paragraph, the writer tries to tell us that people______.

A．easily accept certain things without a second thought

B．grow up through learning certain things in life

C．are forming their views during their growth

D．have strong beliefs in authorities while getting old

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更多“Most of us grow up taking cert…”相关的问题

第1题

Most American families are smaller than the families in other countries. Most American

families have one or two parents and one or two children each. Children in the US will leave their parents ’ home when they grow up. They usually live far from their parents because they want to find good jobs. They often write to their parents or telephone them. And they often go to visit their parents on holiday. Parents usually let their children choose their own jobs. Americans think it important for young people to decide on their lives by themselves. Children are asked to do some work around their house. And in many families, children are paid for doing some housework so that they learn how to make money for their own use.

1.The size of most American families is() that of other countries.

A、larger than

B、smaller than

C、as big as

D、as small as

2.When children grow up, they leave their parents’ home to()

A、get married

B、be free

C、find good jobs

D、study

3.They visit their parents()

A、on weekdays

B、on weekends

C、at any time

D、on holiday

4.Which of the following statements is WRONG()

A、Children have the freedom to choose their own job

B、Parents don't ask their children to do the housework.

C、Parents think it important for children to make their own decision.

D、When children grow up, they usually live far away from their home.

5.Some parents pay their children for doing housework because ()

A、children can learn how to make money for themselves

B、their children required them to do so

C、they are rich

D、it is required by law

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第2题

阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题。It can be really frustrating （使人沮丧的) for an overwe

阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题。

It can be really frustrating (使人沮丧的) for an overweight person to go to a gym and work out with a positive attitude. All one has to do is walk by almost any nice gym and notice all the healthy, sweating, “skinny” members. Sometimes they stare at those of us who are, well, zaftig. It is easy to see the judgment behind their eyes. Who wants to put up with that？

Many people are self-conscious of their bodies and feel isolated when joining workout classes of while exercising, especially if they are larger than most of the others in the group. Now the fitness industry is finally paying attention. Popular gyms are catering (迎合) to overweight and weight conscious customers by dedicating areas where the “skinny” people are not allowed.

There are even gyms or programs that require members to be at least 50 pounds overweight to participate.

Trainers recommend functional fitness as a practical goal, rather than six-pack abs(六块腹肌). (79)They often use text messages to stay in touch with customers.

Often at these specialized gyms, the trainers are overweight themselves, or working on their own weight goals, and this can help those people with anxiety caused by poor body image. The equipment has been designed for use by larger people. Wider seats, more cushioning, no mirrors, and tinted (有色的) windows for privacy, are all important changes.

(80)Hopefully these types of gyms will successfully grow in numbers in the future. The idea is a very simple and potentially popular one. If it helps those of us who are bigger exercise more and improve our fitness level, it's a step in the right direction.

1. The word zaftig in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to {A; B; C}.

A. fat B. healthy C. friendly

2. We can infer from the first two paragraphs that {A; B; C}.

A. most large gym chains really don't want members to show up frequently

B. overweight people are often frustrated and pushed away by traditional gym industry

C. regular gyms don't accept overweight people to participate in their programs

3. What is the training goal in the gyms catering to overweight members？{A; B; C}

A. To achieve functional fitness.

B. To build six-pack abs.

C. To look like a fitness model.

4. As for the gyms catering to overweight members, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE？{A; B; C}

A. The machines are designed for larger people.

B. Tinted windows are used to ensure extra privacy.

C. There are large mirrors on the walls.

5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage？{A; B; C}

A. Improving Women's Self-confidence through Exercises.

B. The traditional Gym Industry Is Losing Its Customers.

C. Specialized Gyms Designed for Overweight People.

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第3题

It can be really frustrating (使人沮丧的) for an overweight person to go to a gym and

work out with a positive attitude.All one has to do is walk by almost any nice gym and notice all the healthy, sweating, “skinny” members.Sometimes they stare at those of us who are, well, zaftig.It is easy to see the judgment behind their eyes.Who wants to put up with that？

Many people are self-conscious of their bodies and feel isolated when joining workout classes of while exercising, especially if they are larger than most of the others in the group.Now the fitness industry is finally paying attention.Popular gyms are catering (迎合) to overweight and weight conscious customers by dedicating areas where the “skinny” people are not allowed.

There are even gyms or programs that require members to be at least 50 pounds overweight to participate.

Trainers recommend functional fitness as a practical goal, rather than six-pack abs(六块腹肌).They often use text messages to stay in touch with customers.

Often at these specialized gyms, the trainers are overweight themselves, or working on their own weight goals, and this can help those people with anxiety caused by poor body image.The equipment has been designed for use by larger people.Wider seats, more cushioning, no mirrors, and tinted (有色的) windows for privacy, are all important changes.

Hopefully these types of gyms will successfully grow in numbers in the future.The idea is a very simple and potentially popular one.If it helps those of us who are bigger exercise more and improve our fitness level, it's a step in the right direction.

1.The word zaftig in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ().

A.fat

B.healthy

C.friendly

2.We can infer from the first two paragraphs that ().

A.most large gym chains really don't want members to show up frequently

B.overweight people are often frustrated and pushed away by traditional gym industry

C.regular gyms don't accept overweight people to participate in their programs

3.What is the training goal in the gyms catering to overweight members？()

A.To achieve functional fitness.

B.To build six-pack abs.

C.To look like a fitness model.

4.As for the gyms catering to overweight members, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE？()

A.The machines are designed for larger people

B.Tinted windows are used to ensure extra privacy

C.There are large mirrors on the walls

5.Which of the following is the best title for the passage？()

A.Improving Women's Self-confidence through Exercises

B.The traditional Gym Industry Is Losing Its Customers

C.Specialized Gyms Designed for Overweight People

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第4题

阅读文章，回答下列各题： A lot ofpeople don’t want to talk about their age，especially（尤其是

阅读文章，回答下列各题： A lot ofpeople don’t want to talk about their age，especially(尤其是)womenover 30．The thought of grow—ing older is a painful(痛苦的)one and most of US，ifpossible，would like to have nothing to do with it．However，getting older is a thing that happens to all of US．As a result，many people work hard to keep young．So the lastthing they want is for someone to askthe question，“How old are you？” Peoplemay answer this question like：“How old do you think I am？”“30 something．I’min my thirties．Let’s just leave it at that．…‘I can’t remember．…Oh，don’t ask me that．…“A lot older than what lwould like tobe．” However，if you really want to knowsomeone’s age，this is how you could find out the answer．First you estimate(估计)their age．Then you subtract(减去)ten years from thatestimation．Certainly you will get a big smilefrom thatperson who will also say．“Wow．Youare my best friend．I’m 38 already．Can you believe it？”You，ofCOUrSe,，say，“N0．I reallyCall’t．You’re,joking．You don’tlook a day over 28．” Most of men are pleased totell others how old they are．

A.Right．

B.Wrong．

C.Doesn’t Say．

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第5题

It can be really frustrating （使人沮丧的) for an overweight person to go to a gym and wor

It can be really frustrating (使人沮丧的) for an overweight person to go to a gym and work out with a positive attitude. All one has to do is walk by almost any nice gym and notice all the healthy, sweating, “skinny ” members. Sometimes they stare at those of us who are, well, zaftig . It is easy to see the judgment behind their eyes. Who wants to put up with that？ Many people are self-conscious of their bodies and feel isolated when joining workout classes of while exercising, especially if they are larger than most of the others in the group. Now the fitness industry is finally paying attention. Popular gyms are catering (迎合) to overweight and weight conscious customers by dedicating areas where the “skinny ” people are not allowed. There are even gyms or programs that require members to be at least 50 pounds overweight to participate. Trainers recommend functional fitness as a practical goal, rather than six-pack abs(六块腹肌). (79)They often use text messages to stay in touch with customers. Often at these specialized gyms, the trainers are overweight themselves, or working on their own weight goals, and this can help those people with anxiety caused by poor body image. The equipment has been designed for use by larger people. Wider seats, more cushioning, no mirrors, and tinted (有色的) windows for privacy, are all important changes. (80)Hopefully these types of gyms will successfully grow in numbers in the future. The idea is a very simple and potentially popular one. If it helps those of us who are bigger exercise more and improve our fitness level, it ’s a step in the right direction. The word zaftig in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.

A.fat

B.healthy

C.friendly

D.polite

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第6题

As a man was passing the elephants, he suddenly stopped. He wondered why these huge elepha

nts were being held byonly a small rope tied to _________61 (they) front leg. No chains.no cages(笼子）？________62 (clear, the elephants could,at any time, break away from the ropes,but they did not.

He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these ________63 (animal just stood there and made no attempt to get away. “Well&39;” 64________ trainer said, “when they were very young and much 65________ (small, we used the same size ropeto tie them and, at that age, it was enough to hold them. As they grow up, they are conditioned to believe they cannot breakaway. They believe the rope can still hold them, so they never try to break free.”

The man was 66________ (surprise. These elephants could at any time break free from the ropes but because they67________ (believe they couldn’t, they were stuck right where they were.

Like the elephants, how many of us go through life with a belief 68________ we cannot do something, simply becausewe failed at it once before？

Failure is part of 69________ (team. We should never give 70________ the struggle in life.

61_________

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

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第7题

It was a chilly November evening in New York City, and my daughter and I were walking

up Broadway.Nora noticed a guy sitting inside a cardboard box next to a newsstand.She pulled at my coat sleeve and said, “That man's cold, Daddy.Can we take him home？”

I don't remember my reply, but I do remember a sudden heavy feeling inside me.I had always been delighted at how much my daughter noticed in her world, whether it was birds in flight or children playing.But now she was noticing suffering and poverty.She wasn't even four.

A few days later, I saw an article in the newspaper about volunteers who delivered meals to elderly people.The volunteers went to a nearby school on a Sunday morning, picked up a food package, and delivered it to an elderly person.I signed us up.Nora was excited about it.She could understand the importance of food, so she could easily see how valuable our job was.When Sunday came, we picked up the package and phoned the elderly person we'd been assigned.She invited us right over.

The building was depressing.When the door opened, facing us was a silver-haired woman in an old dress.She took the package and asked if we would like to come in.Nora ran inside.I reluctantly followed.Our hostess showed us some photos of her family.Nora played and laughed.I accepted a second cup of tea.When it came time to say good-bye, we three stood in the doorway and hugged.I walked home in tears.

Where else but as volunteers do you have the opportunity to do something enjoyable that's good for yourself as well as for others？ Indeed, the poverty my daughter and I helped lessen that Sunday afternoon was not the woman's alone — it was in our lives, too.Now Nora and I regularly serve meals to needy people and collect clothes for the homeless.Yet, as I've watched her grow over these past four years, I still wonder — which of us has benefited more？

26.The man Nora noticed on that evening was probably ______.

A.asking for food

B.one of those homeless

C.taken home by the author

D.buying a newspaper

27.The author had a sudden heavy feeling (Para.2), because ______.

A.his daughter had noticed the dark side of life

B.he did not want to take the guy home

C.he felt a deep sympathy for the guy

D.his daughter was afraid of what she saw

28.Their volunteer job was to ______.

A.visit poor homes

B.serve meals at a nearby school

C.pick up packages for poor, elderly people

D.deliver food to needy, elderly people

29.The word “us” in the last paragraph refers to ______ .

A.the author and the old woman

B.the giver and receiver of the help

C.the author and his daughter

D.the author and the guy in the box

30.The best title for this passage might be “______.”

A.A Loving Kid

B.A Lesson in Caring

C.Volunteers at Work

D.How to Help the Needy

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第8题

Anyone who trains animals recognizes that human and animal perceptual capacities are diffe

rent. For most humans, seeing is believing, although we do occasionally brood about whether we can believe our eyes. The other senses are largely ancillary; most of us do not know how we might go about either doubting or believing our noses. But for dogs, scenting is believing. A dog's nose is to ours as the wrinkled surface of our complex brain is to the surface of an egg. A dog who did comparative psychology might easily worry about our consciousness or lack thereof, just as we worry about the consciousness of a squid.

We who take sight for granted can draw pictures of scent, but we have no language for doing it the other way about, no way to represent something visually familiar by means of actual scent. Most humans cannot know, with their limited noses, what they can imagine about being deaf, blind, mute, or paralyzed. The sighted can, for example, speak if a blind person a "in the darkness," but there is no corollary expression for what it is that we are in relationship to scent. If we tried to coin words, we might come up with something like "scent-blind." But what would it mean？ It couldn't have the sort of meaning that "color-blind" and "tone-deaf' do, because most of us have experienced what "tone" and "color" mean in those expressions "scent-blind." Scent for many of us can be only a theoretical, technical expression that we use because our grammar requires that we have a noun to go in the sentences we are prompted to utter about animals' tracking. We don't have a sense of scent. What we do have is a sense of smell-for Thanksgiving dinner and skunks and a number of things we call chemicals.

So if Fido and sitting on the terrace, admiring the view, we inhabit worlds with radically different principles of phenomenology. Say that the wind is to our backs. Our world lies all before us, within a 180 degree angle. The dog's-well, we don't know, do we？

He sees roughly the same things that I see but he believes the scents of the garden behind us. He marks the path of the black-and-white cat as she moves among the roses in search of the bits of chicken sandwich I let fall as I walked from the house to our picnic spot. T can show that Fido is alert to the kitty, but not how, for my picture-making modes of thought too easily supply falsifyingly literal representations of the cat and the garden and their modes of being hidden from or revealed to me.

The phrase "other senses are largely ancillary" (paragraph 1) is used by the author to suggest that______.

A．only those events experienced directly can be appreciated by the senses

B．for many human beings the senses of sights is the primary means of knowing about the world

C．smell is in many respects a more powerful sense than sight

D．people rely on at least one of their other senses in order to confirm what they see

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第9题

What is your favorite color？ Do you like yellow, orange, and red？ If you do, you must

be an optimist (乐观者), a leader, and an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement.Do you prefer grays and blues？ Then you are probably quiet, shy and you would rather follow than lead.You tend to be a pessimist.At least, this is what psychologists (心理学家)tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously study ing the meaning of color preference, as well as the effect that colors have on human beings.They tell us among other facts, that we do not choose our favorite color as we grow up — we are born with our preference.If you happen to love brown, you did so,as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.

Color does influence our moods (情绪)― there is no doubt about it.A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress bri ngs warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day.On the other hand, black is depressing.A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area — until it was repainted green.The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.

Light and bright colors make people not only happier but also more active.It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or gray.

1.The author regards the psychologists'findings as ().

A.groundless

B.doubtful

C.reasonable

D.unusual

2.According to the psycholog ists, a person’s color preference ().

A.is formed as he grows up

B.is acquired through experience

C.is decided by his surroundings

D.is possessed from birth

3.It can be concluded from the passage that bright color lovers tend to be ().

A.quiet

B.active

C.depressive

D.pessimistic

4.The example of the bridge is used to illustrate that ().

A.people tend to kill themselves by jumping from bridges

B.color can affect people’s moods to a great degree

C.the bridge should have been repainted earlier

D.certain color can kill people sometimes

5.The notion that machines painted orange can reduce the risk of accidents ().

A.is a well-accepted fact

B.remains to be proved

C.is an illusion of workers

D.is a good wish of scientists

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第10题

Why not join us for an exciting evening？（).

A.I’ll be glad to

B.You are welcome

C.Don't mention it

D.Hurry up

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