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The passage is basically a ______. A. biography of John Paul Jones B. criticism of

The passage is basically a ______.

A. biography of John Paul Jones

B. criticism of John Paul Jones

C. history of the United States Navy

D. comparison of the American and Russian navies

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更多“The passage is basically a ___…”相关的问题

第1题

In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to

walk, the child must physiologically be capable of producing and experiencing particular emotions before these emotions can be modified through learning. Psychologists have found that there are two basic processes by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called "classical conditioning." This occurs when one event or stimulus is continuously followed by a reward or punishment. It is through classical conditioning that a child learns to associate his mother's face and voice with happiness and love, for he learns that this person provides food and comfort. Negative emotions are learned in a similar fashion. The second kind of learning is called "operant (动作的) conditioning. This occurs when an individual learns to do things that produce rewards in his environment and learns not to do things that produce punishments. For example, if a mother always attends to her baby when he cries and cuddles him until he is quiet, she may teach him that if he cries he will get attention from mother. Thus, the baby will learn to increase his crying in order to have his mother more.The main purpose of this passage is to ______.A.teach children how to learn to produce and experience certain emotionsB.give the common reader a general description of two basic kinds of learningC.give parents some advice on how to modify their children's emotions through learningD.discuss with psychologists how positive and negative feelings are produced

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第2题

To a philosopher, wisdom is not the same as knowledge.Facts may be known in enormous numbe

To a philosopher, wisdom is not the same as knowledge. Facts may be known in enormous numbers without the knower of them loving wisdom. Indeed, the person who possesses encyclopedic (学识渊博的) information may actually have a genuine contempt (轻视) for those who love and seek wisdom. The philosopher is not content with a mere knowledge of facts. He desires to combine and evaluate facts, and to examine beneath the obvious to the deeper orderliness behind the immediately given facts. Insight into the hidden depths of reality, perspective (洞察) on human life and nature in their entirety, in the words of Plato, to be a spectator of time and existence--these are the philosopher's objectives. Too great an interest in the small details of science, may, and often does, obscure these basic objectives.

Philosophers assume that the love of wisdom is a natural gift of the human being. Potentially every man is a philosopher because in the depths of his being there is an intense longing to penetrate to the meaning of the mysteries of existence. The inner deep longing expresses itself in various ways prior to any actual study of philosophy as a technical branch of human culture. Consequently every human being in so far as he has ever been or is a lover of wisdom has, to that extent, a philosophy of life.

The title below that best expresses the idea of this passage is ______.

A．The Potential Philosopher

B．The Philosophy of Plato

C．The Philosopher Versus the Scientist

D．The Philosopher Defined

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第3题

Fifty years ago, most people lived in rural areas. But the world has changed. In the near

future, more than half of all people will live in cities for the first time in history.

City life is not always a bad thing, but many experts worry about this process of urbanization (城市化 ). A new report says that process is having a huge effect on human health and the quality of the environment. Of the three billion people who live in cities now, the report says, about one billion live in unplanned settlements. These are areas of poverty, slums that generally lack basic services like clean water, or even permanent housing. More than 60 million people are added to cities and surrounding areas each year, mostly in slums in developing countries. The international community has been too slow to recognize the growth of urban poverty. Policy makers need to increase investments in education, health care and other areas.

The report talks about some successful efforts by local governments and community groups. For example, it says in Columbia, engineers have created a bus system that has helped reduce air pollution and improve quality of life.

The link between urban poverty and the environment is serious, but governments also need to consider why people are moving out of rural areas. Climate changes, droughts, floods—there are many reasons forcing people to leave their farm land.

The two issues of poverty reduction and the environment have existed side by side, but rarely have they connected—until now. Governments are starting to understand that environmental collapse is not a natural cost of economic development. Instead, it is hurting the possibility for growth.

The main idea of the passage is about ______.

A．urbanization and its effects

B．a huge effect of human

C．economic development

D．the environment

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第4题

Considered as a continuous body of fluid, the atmosphere is another kind of ocean. Yet, in

view of the total amount of rain and snow on land areas in the course of a year, one of the most amazing water facts is the very small amount of water in the atmosphere at any given time. The volume of the lower seven miles of the atmosphere--the realm of weather events- is roughly four times the volume of the world's oceans. But the atmosphere contains very little water. It is chiefly in the form. of invisible vapor, some of which is carried over land by air currents. If all vapor suddenly fell from the air onto the earth's surface, it would form. a layer only about one inch thick. A heavy rainstorm on a given area may use up only a small percentage of the water from the air mass that passes over. How, then, can some land areas receive more than 400 inches of rain per year？ How can several inches of rain fall during a single storm in a few minutes or hours？ The answer is that rain yielding air masses are in motion, and as the driving air mass moves on, new moist air takes its place.

The basic source of most water vapor is the ocean, evaporation, vapor transport, and precipitation (陈雨) make up the continuous movement of water from ocean to atmosphere to land and back to the sea. Rivers return water the sea. In an underground arc (弧) of the cycle, flowing bodies of water discharge some water directly into rivers and some directly to the sea.

What might have been discussed before this passage？

A．The ocean.

B．The earth.

C．The rainfall.

D．The atmosphere.

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第5题

Passage Five When Frand Dale look over as publisher of Los Angeles Herrald-Examiner，the o

Passage Five

When Frand Dale look over as publisher of Los Angeles Herrald-Examiner，the organization had just ended a ten-year strike. There was much bitterness and as he told us.“Everybody that I found there had lost their curiosity，they’d lost their cutting edge，there was no interest，they just hung on ... I had a real problem.”His very first task was to introduce himself to everybody，to thank them for their loyalty to that point，and to allow them to express their concerns and frustrations. To questions like“What makes you think you can make this thing go？”he responded，“I don’t know yet，but in thirty days I’ll come back to you and let you know what I’ve found.”He recruited a task force of the best people from throughout the Hearst Corporation to do a crash study，and in thirty days he had a written report on what needed to be done，which he shared with the staff. He had taken the all-important first steps to establish mutual trust，without which leadership would not have been possible.

Trust is the emotional glue that binds followers and leaders together. The accumulation of trust is a measure of the legitimacy of leadership. It cannot be demanded or purchased；it must be earned. Trust is the basic ingredient of all organizations，the lubrication that maintains the organization and it is as mysterious and difficult a concept as leadership—and as important.

One thing we can say for sure about trust is that if trust is to be generated，there must be predictability，the capacity to predict another’s behavior. Another way of putting it is to say that organizations without trust would resemble the ambiguous nightmare of Kafka’s The Castle，where nothing can be certain and nobody can be relied on or be held responsible. The ability to predict outcomes with a high probability of success generates and maintains trust.

51. What was Frand Dale’s problem when he became the publisher of Los Angeles Herrald-Examiner？

A. He had lost interest in his publishing career.

B. He found it hard to introduce himself to everyone.

C. Los Angeles Herrald-Examiner was in extreme difficulty.

D. Los Angeles Herrald-Examiner was on a ten-year strike.

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第6题

Directions: Read the following passage and the statements that follow. Choose the best answer for each statement from the three choices marked A, B and C.

It sounds like an infomercial from late-night TV: Follow this four-step plan and improve your memory in just 14 days!

But researchers have indeed found a way to improve memory function in older people. After a two-week study that involved brainteasers (脑筋急转弯), exercise and diet changes, study participants' memories worked more efficiently.

Here's the program:

Memory Training: brainteasers, crossword puzzles and memory exercises that emphasized verbal skills throughout the day.

Healthy Diet: Five meals daily included a balanced diet rich in omega-3 fats, whole grains and antioxidants (抗氧化剂). Eating frequent meals prevents dips in blood glucose (血糖), the primary energy source for the brain.

Physical Fitness: Brisk daily walks and stretching. Physical fitness has been found in other research to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Stress Reduction: Stretching and relaxation exercises. Stress causes the body to release cortisol (皮质醇), which can impair memory and has been found to shrink the memory centers in the brain.

1. Researchers spent fourteen days finding a way to improve people’s memory().

A.True

B.False

C.Not Mentioned

2.What is TRUE about the ABC rule for online shopping()？

A.It’s a very easy rule, as easy as learning ABC

B.It’s the basic safety rule for online shopping provided by the writer

C.It’s the first letter of the three rules: About me, Benefits, Choices, hence ABC

D.All of the above

3.Either the dean or the principal()the meeting.

A.attends

B.attend

C.are attending

D.have attended

4.Mistake is acceptable during the process of paper cutting().

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Doesn’t say

5.Many a child()to walk before he can speak.

A.Learn

B.Learns

C.Learned

D.have learned

6.The author quoted the three adjectives used by the guide to describe Istanbul because().

A.the author knows Istanbul very well

B.the author’s ambitions of sightseeing dwindled away after Italy

C.Istanbul is so characteristic that it’s hard to describe it in one word

D.the author is very interested in Istanbul

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第7题

Passage Two Modern humans emerged some 250,000 years ago, yet agriculture is a fairly

recent invention, only about 10,000 years old. Many crop plants are rather new additions to our diet: broccoli (a flowering mutant of kale) is thought to be only 500 years old. Most innovation is far more recent still. Although Austrian monk Gregor Mendel's pea plant experiments quietly laid the basic foundations of genetics in the mid-19th century, his work was rediscovered and applied to crop breeding only at the beginning of the 20th century. Further advances have steadily accumulated. The 1940s saw the identification of DNA as genetic material and the adoption, by commercial breeders, of genetic modification - typically by applying chemicals or radiation to DNA to try to make plants with advantageous characteristics. The modifications ultimately led to the green revolution of the 1960s and 1970s, during which time global wheat yields tripled. The 1980s and 1990s saw the commercial adoption of agricultural biotechnology, which has allowed breeders to introduce specific genes into crops from the same or different species. In 2004 the first plant genome was fully sequenced, and since then the number of plant gene sequences in GenBank, the public repository for gene sequence information, has been doubling every two years. Our knowledge is increasing exponentially, as it has been in other fields such as semiconductors and cellular telephony. Our challenge is to increase agricultural yields while decreasing the use of fertilizer, water, fossil fuels and other negative environmental inputs. Embracing human ingenuity and innovation seems the most likely path. Plants did not evolve to serve humans, and their sets of genes are incomplete for our purposes. The integral role of modifying genes is obvious to all breeders, though sometimes painfully absent from the public's understanding of how modern agriculture succeeds. All breeding techniques, from before Mendel's time until today, exploit modifications to plant DNA. These modifications can take the form. of mistakes or mutations that occur during natural cell division in the wild; the natural but random movement of DNA sequences from one part of a plant's genome to another; or the more precise insertion of known gene sequences using biotechnology. In all these cases, plant genes are moved within or across species, creating novel combinations. Hybrid genetics - the combination of different versions of the same gene – has resulted in spectacular yield increases. Largely as the consequence of using hybrid seed varieties, corn yields in the U.S. have increased more than 500 percent in the past 70 years. Questions 6-10 are based on Passage Two.

(1)Which statement is correct according to paragraph one？

A、Broccoli was first bred by Mendel

B、Broccoli wasn’t considered edible until 500 years ago

C、Mendel's work was considered most important in the history of genetics

D、Mendel’s study found its major application some 100 years ago

(2)What was cited as a result of the green revolution？

A、Sharp rise in worldwide wheat production

B、Extensive use of organic fertilizer

C、Large-scale adoption of genetic modification

D、Commercial success of genetically modified seeds.

(3)Which statement is true of GenBank according to the passage？

A、The number of gene sequences has doubled since its foundation