No one knows how man learned to make words. Perhaps he began by making sounds like those made by animals. Perhaps he grunted like a pig when he lifted something heavy. (78)Perhaps he made sounds like

第1题

A man who knows a bit about carpentry （木工术) will make his table more quickly than the m

A man who knows a bit about carpentry (木工术) will make his table more quickly than the man who does not. If the instructions are not very clear, or the shape of a piece is puzzling his experience helps him to conclude that it must fit there, or that its function must be that. In the same way, the reader's sense and experience helps him to predict what the writer is likely to ,say next; that he must be going to say this rather than that. A reader who can think along with the writer in this way will find the text.

This skill is so useful that you may wish to make your students aware of it so that they can use it to tackle difficult texts. It does seem to be the case that as we read we make hypotheses (假设) about what the writer intends to say; these are immediately modified by what he actually does say, and are replaced by new hypotheses about what will follow. We have all had the experience of believing we were understanding a text until suddenly brought to a halt by some word or phrase that would not fit into the pattern and forced us to reread and readjust our thoughts. Such occurrences lend support to the notion of reading as a constant making and remaking of hypotheses.

If you are interested in finding out how far this idea accords with (符合) practice, you may like to try out the text and questions. To do so, take a piece of card and use it to mask the text. Move it down the page, revealing only one

t a time. Answer the question before you go on to look at the next section. Check your prediction against what the text actually says, and use the new knowledge to improve your next prediction. You will need to look back to earlier parts of the text if you are to make accurate prediction, for you must keep in mind the general organization of the argument as well as the detail within each sentence. If you have tried this out, you have probably been interested to find how much you can predict, though naturally we should not expect to be right every time -- otherwise there would be no need for us to read.

Conscious use of this technique can be helpful when we are faced with a part of the text that we find difficult: if we can see the overall pattern of the text, and the way the argument is organized, we can make a reasoned guess at the next step. Having an idea of what something might mean can be a great help in interpreting it.

The author uses the examples of carpentry and reading to show______.

A．the importance of making prediction

B．the similarity in using one's senses

C．the necessity of making use of one's knowledge

D．the most effective method in doing anything

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第2题

Atleasthowmanytestswerecarriedoutbythescientistsreferredtointhispassage？A.ThreeB.TwoC.Only

At least how many tests were carried out by the scientists referred to in this passage？ A. Three B. Two C. Only one D. No one knows

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第3题

A．It's not important how she dances.B．If she's careful, no one will notice.C．It's too c

A．It's not important how she dances.

B．If she's careful, no one will notice.

C．It's too crowded to dance anyway.

D．No one knows the steps to the dance.

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第4题

The article suggests that______. A. our earth exists before the sun B. how space for

The article suggests that______.

A. our earth exists before the sun

B. how space formed

C. no one knows where the earth comes from

D. our earth used to be part of a high mountain on the sun

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第5题

Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes

shopping because he needs something.

His purpose is settled and decided. He knows what he wants and he just finds it and buys it, but cares little about the price. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it, the salesman quickly takes it out, and the business of trying it on follows at once. If all is well, the deal(买卖) can be and is often completed in less than five minutes, with hard any chat and to everyone's satisfaction.

For a man, small problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman tries to sell the customer something else—he offers the nearest he can to the thing asked for. He would say, "I know this jacket is not the style. you want, Sir, but would you like to try it on for size？ It happens to be the color you mentioned." Few men have patience (耐心 ) with this treatment, and the usual answer is, "This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on."

Now how docs a woman go about buying clothes？ In almost every respect (方面) she does so quite differently. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind about what she wants, and she is only "having a look around". She is always open to what the salesman tells her, even to what her friends tell her. She will try on any number of things. What is most important in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Besides, most women have an excellent sense of value when they boy clothes. The), are always ready for the unexpected bargain (便宜货). Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one counter to another before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It takes time, but surely it is enjoyable to women shoppers. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.

When a man is buying clothes, ______.

A．he buys cheap things and does not care about the quality

B．he chooses things that others recommend

C．he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things

D．he buys good quality things, so long as they are not too expensive

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第6题

Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes

shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone's satisfaction.

For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else, he offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute bluntly; he does so with skill and polish; "I know this jacket is not the style. you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size. It happens to be the color you mentioned. " Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is :" This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.

Now how does a woman go about buying clothes？ In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only" having a look round". She is always open to persuasion; indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, often retracing her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a laborious process, but apparently an enjoyable one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.

According to the passage, when a man is buying clothes, ______.

A．he buys cheap things, regardless of quality

B．he chooses things that others recommend

C．he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things

D．he buys good quality things, so long as they are not too dear

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第7题

Onceuponatimeapoorfarmertakingasackofwheattothemilldidnotknow 【B1】 todowhenitslippedfromhi

Once upon a time a poor farmer taking a sack of wheat to the mill did not know 【B1】 to do when it slipped from his horse and fell 【B2】 the road. The sack was 【B3】 heavy for him to 【B4】，and his only hope was that 【B5】 some one would come riding by and 【B6】a hand.

It was not long 【B7】 a rider appeared，but the farmer’s heart sank when he 【B8】 him ，for it was the great man who lived in a castle nearby. The farmer 【B9】 have dared to ask 【B10】 farmer to help, or any poor man who might have come 【B11】 the road，but he could not beg a 【B12】 of so great a man. 【B13】，as soon as the great man came up he got 【B14】 his horse, saying ul see you’ve had bad luck, friend. How good it is 【B15】 V m here just at the 【B16】 time. ’’Then he took one 【B17】 of the sack, the farmer the other, and between them they lifted it on the horse.

“Sir,” asked the farmer, “how can I pay you？”

“Easily enough,” the great man 【B18】 . “Whenever you see 【B19】 else in trouble, 【B20】 the same for him.”

【B1】

A.how

B.what

C.which

D.whether

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第8题

"Wanted by the FBI." To the murderer, or the bank robber, these are the most frightening w

ords in the world. When the criminal (罪犯) hears them, he knows that six thousand trained persons are after him.

Why should he be so afraid？ There are hundreds of cities and thousands of villages where he can hide. There are large forests and deserts where he can lose himself. Besides, he's usually rich with stolen money.

Money can make it easier to hide. With money, the criminal can pay a dishonest doctor to operate on his face and make him hard to recognize. Money can pay for a hideout in some far-off place. But the criminal knows what happened to public enemies such as John Dillinger, Baby Face Nelson, and Machine Gun Kelly. They had plenty of money and good hideouts. Yet one by one they were found by the men of the FBI.

They know every trick the criminal knows and many more. If he makes just one mistake, they'll get him. That's why the man who is hunted can't sleep. That's why he becomes nervous, why he jumps at every sound. When he makes a mistake, he'll no longer be "wanted by the FBI". He'll have been caught.

The FBI began on May 10, 1924. Attorney General Harlan F. Stone chose J. Edgar Hoover, a young lawyer in the Department of Justice, to head the new agency (机构). "What we need is a wholly new kind of police force," he said. "Criminals today are smart. They use stolen cars and even planes to make their gateways. They have learned to open any lock. The criminal would have discovered science. We can't beat them with old methods. We have to train officers to work scientifically."

J. Edgar Hoover quietly went ahead with his plans. He picked his men carefully. They had to be between the ages of twenty-five and thirty-five. He wanted only men with good manners and good character. When working as his officers they would have to meet all kinds of people. Hoover wanted men who could handle a teacup as well as a gun. He chose men so carefully that he made the FBI the hardest service in the world to get into. The FBI cannot help in every police problem. It can look into only certain crimes against the government. Solving all other crimes is the duty of local police forces.

A man wanted by the FBI will find that money is ______.

A．not at all useful

B．very helpful for a while

C．necessary for staying free

D．important and useful

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第9题

Once upon a time a poor farmer taking a sack of wheat to the mill. He did not know【56】to d

o when it slipped from his horse and fell【57】the road. The sack was【58】heavy for him to【59】, and his only hope was that【60】some one would come riding by and【61】a hand. It was not long【62】a rider appeared, but the farmer's heart sank when he【63】him, for it was the great man who lived in a castle near by. The farmer【64】have dared to ask【65】farmer to help, or any poor man who might have come【66】the road, but he could not beg a【67】of so great a man.

【68】, as soon as the great man came up he got【69】his horse, saying, "I see you've had bad luck, friend. How good it is【70】I' m here just at the【71】time. "Then he took one【72】of the sack, the farmer, the other, and between them they lifted it on the horse. "Sir, "asked the farmer, "how can I pay you？"

"Easily enough, "the great man【73】. "Whenever you see【74】else in trouble,【75】the same for him.

(56)

A．how

B．what

C．which

D．whether

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第10题

If there is any single factor that makes success in living, it is the ability to be benefi

ted by defeat. Every success I know has been achieved because the person was able to analyze (分析) defeat and actually learn something from it in his next undertaking (从事的工作). Wrongly taking defeat for failure, you are sure indeed to fail, for it isn't defeat that makes you fail; it is your own refusal to see the guide and encouragement to success in defeat.

Defeats are nothing to be afraid of. They are common incidents in the life of every man who achieves success. But defeat is a dead loss unless you do face it, analyze it and learn why you failed. Defeat, in other words, can help to get rid of its own cause. Not only does defeat prepare us for success but nothing can cause within us such a strong wish to succeed. If you left a baby grasp a stick and try to pull it away, he will hold it more and moro tightly until his whole weight is hung up. It is this same reaction that should give you new and greater strength every time you are defeated. If you make full use of the power which defeat gives; you can compete with it far more than you are able to.

How much does the writer know about success？

A．He knows at least several examples of success.

B．He knows every success in life.

C．He knows every success that has been achieved by man.

D．It is not referred to.

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