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le is like the sun break through the clouds.()
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"They can now have some involvement in their destiny," says Adrian Owen of the University of Cambridge, who led the team doing the work.
In an earlier experiment, Owen's team asked a woman previously diagnosed as being in a vegetative state to picture herself carrying out one of two different activities. The resulting brain activity suggested she understood the commands and was therefore conscious.
Now Owen's team has taken the idea a step further. A man also diagnosed with VS was able to answer yes and no to specific questions by imagining himself engaging in the same activities.
The results suggest that it is possible to give a degree of choice to some people who have no other way of communicating with the outside world. "We are not just showing they are conscious, we are giving them a voice and a way to communicate," says neurologist (神经病学家) Steven Laureys of the University of Liege in Belgium, Owen's partner.
Doctors traditionally base these diagnoses on how someone behaves: for example, whether they can glance in different directions in response to questions. The new results show that you don't need behavioural indications to identify awareness and even a degree of cognitive proficiency. All you need to do is tap into brain activity directly.
The work "changes everything", says Nicholas Schiff, a neurologist at Weill Cornell Medical College in New York, who is carrying out similar work on patients with consciousness disorders. "Knowing that someone could persist in a state like this and not show evidence of the fact that they can answer yes/no questions should he extremely disturbing to our practice."
One of the most difficult questions you might want to ask someone is whether they want to carry on living. But as Owen and Laureys point out, the scientific, legal and ethical challenges for doctors asking such questions are formidable.
"They" in the second paragraph can be replaced by "______".
A．patients in a VS
B．researchers
C．monitoring machines
D．specific questions
The ad has great appeal. It pictures a handsome man sitting at a piano in front of smiling guests. It tells the story of Jack, who has secretly learned to play the piano through a mail-order course. His friends at a party all scoff when he sits at the keyboard. But as he plays the first notes of Beethoven's "Moonlight Sonata, " they all amazed. When he finishes his flawless performance, the listeners shower him with applause and praise.
Jack tells his friends that he learned to play through the V. S. School of Music. He explains that he was taught through a new method, using no laborious scales and no tiresome practicing. He didn't even have a special talent for music! In the ad, others, too, could increase their popularity and gain happiness.
The writer of this ad, John Gaples, called this style. the "Walter Mitty approach." Walter Mitty is a character in a short story by James Thurber, who daydreams of taking part in great adventures. Although this ad seems old-fashioned now, many people still dream of such easy social success.
The opening sentence catches your attention by______.
A．surprising you
B．describing a humorous situation
C．ridiculing someone
D．appealing to people's dreams of personal success
Door-knocking is the most effective way of making face-to-face community contact, but it has become a lost art. With the recent focus on customer privacy, door-knocking seems like an intrusion into other people's lives. But those who try it for the first time are usually surprised by the pleasant reception they receive. Here are some suggestions that will help you promote your services face-to-face.
BEFORE YOU GO OUT
Begin with a door hanger
Try leaving a door hanger two days before you go door knocking. It should briefly describe the project and say that someone will be around in person.
Wear an official name tag
Door-knockers should wear name tags with the logo of their organization. The best name tags will also include a color photo and the name of the caller.
Have people knock their own blocks
The easiest way to do door-knocking is to try your local area first. Being a neighbor creates an immediate connection with the person answering the door; after that, everything else is easy.
WHEN YOU GO OUT
When to go and what to do first
The best times to knock are usually Saturdays. On other days, after dinner is ideal. When someone answers the door, smile and introduce yourself. Give the name of your organization and, briefly, the reason for the visit.
State what action the other person should take and the benefits
Tell the person what they need to do and how their actions will benefit themselves and others.
Record contact information on the spot
Record names, addresses, email addresses, phone numbers, and responses to questions on the spot. You won't remember them later!
21. Why does the author say that door-knocking has become a lost art？
A. It is not effective, no one will take this method any more.
B. People focus on privacy increasingly, so door-knocking seems like an intrusion into other people's lives.
C. It is very difficult to do door-knocking, no one knows how to do it now.
22. Which step should be firstly taken when you try door-knocking？
A. Have people knock their own blocks.
B. Wear an official name tag.
C. Leave a door hanger.
23. Which time is not appropriate for door knocking？
A. Saturday afternoon.
B. Monday morning.
C. Thursday evening.
24. Who will receive pleasant reception when they try door-knocking？
A. A stranger who is not living in this community and gives no notice for his/her visit.
B. An offensive acquaintance who comes at any time.
C. A neighbor who does good preparation and has significant project to introduce.
25. What does the underlined phrase “on the spot” mean？
A. without delay.
B. at some place.
C. in a difficult situation.
For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to someone else. "While we teach, we learn," said Roman philosopher Seneca. Now scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date. They're documenting why teaching is such a fruitful way to learn, and designing innovative ways for young people to engage in instruction. Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understand the material, recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively. Student teachers score higher on tests than pupils who're learning only for their own sake. But how can children, still learning themselves, teach others？ One answer: They can tutor younger kids. Some studies have found that first-born children are more intelligent than their later-born siblings (兄弟姐妹). This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their siblings. Now educators are experimenting with ways to apply this model to academic subjects. They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students, who in turn instruct middle school students on the topic. But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the "teachable agent"—a computerized character who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world pupil. Computer scientists have created an animated (动画的) figure called Betty's Brain, who has been "taught" about environmental science by hundreds of middle school students. Student teachers are motivated to help Betty master certain materials. While preparing to teach, they organize their knowledge and improve their own understanding. And as they explain the information to it, they identify problems in their own thinking. Feedback from the teachable agents further enhances the tutors' learning. The agents' questions compel student tutors to think and explain the materials in different ways, and watching the agent solve problems allows them to see their knowledge put into action. Above all, it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning. Student tutors feel upset when their teachable agents fail, but happy when these virtual pupils succeed as they derive pride and satisfaction from someone else's accomplishment. 1. What are researchers rediscovering through their studies？ A.Seneca's thinking is still applicable today. B.Better learners will become better teachers. C.Human intelligence tends to grow with age. D.Philosophical thinking improves instruction.
A、Seneca's thinking is still applicable today.
B、Better learners will become better teachers.
C、Human intelligence tends to grow with age.
D、Philosophical thinking improves instruction.
A.apologize for something he or she has done
B.say that you are nice．
C.show his or her concern for you
D.show he or she does not hesitate to visit
1. Help your child communicate. Naturally outgoing kids have an easier time expressing their interest in other children than shy ones do. But you can help build this skill through practice. Ask your child about his favorite games and toys. Praise him for specifics when he shows interest in other people: "You were so nice to let Roger talk about his little dog. I am proud of you."
2. Keep play short and sweet. Parents should keep early play dates short, so no one gets too fired and everyone has fun. Schedule the next one soon after that, so kids can quickly build on their comfort foundation.
3. Know your child. If your child is bossy, talk with him and agree before hand on which toys will be shared and which ones should be put away because your child just can't seem to share them. If you have a shy child, match him with a younger child so he has a chance to be the leader.
4. Help your child help others. Encourage your child to be a better friend by helping him include others in play. If you see someone being excluded, don't ignore it. This is an opportunity to work on your child's ability to understand others. "Rachel is being left out. That must make her feel very sad. Can you think or a way to include her in the game？"
5. Help your kids help themselves. If your child is the one who's being ignored or treated badly, teach him to speak up.
Which word can best describe a child who is good at connecting？
A．Bossy.
B．Confident.
C．Proud
D．Showy.
In the future there is no such thing as being an American manager. Even someone who spends an entire management career in Kansas City is in international management. He or she will compete with foreign firms, buy from foreign firms, sell to foreign films, or acquire financing from foreign banks.
The globalization of the world's capital markets that has occurred in the past 10 years will be replicated right across the economy in the next decade. An international perspective has become central to management. Without it managers are operating in ignorance and cannot understand what is happening to them and their firms.
Partly because of globalization and partly because of demography, the work forces of the next century are going to be very different from those of the last century. Most firms will be employing more foreign nationals. More likely than not, you and your boss will not be of the same nationality. Demography and changing social mores mean that white males will become a smaller fraction of the work force as women and minorities grow in importance. All of these factors will require changes in the traditional methods of managing the work force.
In addition, the need to produce goods and services at quality levels previously thought impossible to obtain in mass production and the spreading use of participatory management techniques will require a work force with much higher levels of education and skills. Production workers must be able to do statistical quality control; production workers must be able to do just in-time inventories. Managers are increasingly shifting from a "don't think, do what you are told" to a "think, I am not going to tell you what to do" style. of management.
This shift is occurring not because today's managers are more enlightened than yesterday's managers but because the evidence is rapidly mounting that the second style. of management is more productive than the first style. of management. But this means that problems of training and motivating the work force both become more central and require different modes of behavior.
In the world of tomorrow managers cannot be technologically illiterate regardless of their functional tasks within the firm. They don't have to be scientists or engineers inventing new technologies, but they have to be managers who understand when to bet and when not to bet on new technologies. If they don' t understand what is going on and technology effectively becomes a black box, they will fail to make the changes that those who do understand what is going on inside the black box make. They will be losers, not winners.
Today's CEOs are those who solved the central problems facing their companies 20 years ago. Tomorrow's CEOs will be those who solve central problems facing their companies today. Sloan hopes to produce a generation of managers who will be solving today's and tomorrow's problems and because they are successful in doing so they will become tomorrow's captains of business.
The author suggests that a manager should hold a (an) ______ view on management.
A．economical
B．geographical
C．international
D．financial
The word "ticket"(Para. 1) probably means ______.
A．a slip of paper with which you are permitted to enter a theater
B．a notice issued to someone who has violated a traffic regulation
C．a slip of paper with which you can see a film
D．a notice that shows your right to do something
Every question has its time and place. It's perfectly acceptable, for instance, to ask "How do you feel？" if you're visiting a close friend in the hospital, But if the fellow is walking on both legs, hurrying to make a train, or sitting at his desk working, it's no time to ask him that silly question.When George Bernard Shaw, the famous writer of plays was in his eighties, someone asked him "How do you feel？" Shaw put him in his place. "When you reach my age," he said, "either you feel all right or you're dead."
1.According to the writer, greetings, such as "How do you feel？" ____.
A、show one's consideration for others
B、are a good way to make friends
C、are proper to ask a man in action
D、generally make one feel uneasy
2.The question "How do you feel？" seems to be correct and suitable when asked of ____.
A、a man working at his desk
B、a person having lost a close friend
C、a stranger who looks somewhat worried
D、a friend who is ill
3.The writer seems to feel that a busy man should ____.
A、be praised for his efforts
B、never be asked any question
C、not be bothered
D、be discouraged from working so hard
4.George Bernard Shaw's reply in the passage shows his ____.
A、cheerfulness
B、cleverness
C、ability
D、politeness
5.“You've put a bug in his ear ”means that you've ____.
A、made him laugh
B、shown concern for him
C、made fun of him
D、given him some kind of warning
“The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11：00 P．m…”Here “attached”means
A.taken
B.drawn
C.given
D.shown
