题目内容
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Horton Point Light ______.
A.is 14 feet above sea level
B.has a fixed green light
C.is shown from a white square tower
D.is synchronized with a radio beacon
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Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
Designing a lens can be compared to playing chess. In chess a player tries to trap his opponent's king in a series of moves. In creating a lens a lens designer attempts to “trap” light by forcing all the rays arising from a single point in the subject to focus on a single point in the image, as a consequence of their passing through a series of transparent(透明的) elements with precisely curved surfaces. Since in both cases the ultimate goal and the means by which it can be attained are known, one is tempted to think there will be a single best decision at any point along the way. The number of possible consequences flowing from any one decision is so large, however, as to bevirtually, if not actually, infinite. Therefore in lens design, as inchess, perfect solutions to a problem are beyond reach. Although this article will be concerned only with the design of photographic lenses, the same principles apply to all lenses.
The lens designer has one enormous advantage over the chess player: the designer is free to call on any available source of help to guide him through the staggering number of possibilities. Most of that help once came from mathematics and physics, but recently computer technology, information theory,chemistry, industrial engineering and psychophysics have all contributed to making the lens designer's job immeasurably more productive. Some of the lenses on the market today were inconceivable a decade ago. Others whose design is as much as a century old can now be mass produced at low cost. With the development of automatic production methods, lenses are made by the millions, both out of glass and out of plastics. Today's lenses are better than the best lenses used by the great photographers of the past.Moreover, their price may lower, in spite of the fact that 19th century craftsmen worked for only a few dollars a week and today's lenses are more complex. The lens designer cannot fail to be grateful for the science and technology that have made his work easier and his creations more widely available, but he is also humbled: it is no longer practical for a fine photographic lens to be designed from beginning to end by a single human mind.
31.Lens design and chess playing are similar in that ____.
A) the final goal and the means by which it can be reached are known
B) perfect solutions to a problem can be found
C) any one decision at any point along the way to the goal can bring numerous possible results
D) both A and C
32.The final goal of designing a lens is ____.
A) to trap the opponent's lenses
B) to focus light with lenses
C) to hand make lenses at low cost
D) to reflect light by means of curved surfaces
33.After the passage the author will talk about ____.
A) the principles of designing lenses
B) techniques of making contact lenses
C) the design of photographic lenses
D) styles of lenses
34.Which of the following words cannot be used to describe today's lenses？
A) More delicate. B) Cheaper. C) Numerous. D) Unpopular.
35.Lens designers today ____.
A) have a large source of help to fall back on B) receive a low salary
C) are less respectable than those of the past D) are not decisive in the lens design
Firstly, it has a country park. Four thousand years ago, this was an important fort. There are no historic remains here now, but there are wonderful views over the countryside. On sunny weekends you can often see kids out with their parents, kicking balls or flying kites.
There aren’t many job opportunities in Horton, and the roads to nearby cities aren’t really fast, but there are excellent rail links. You can be in London in an hour and a half, and other cities are less than an hour away. That means that parents can earn a good salary and still get home in time to spend the evenings with their families. Houses in Horton aren’t pretty, but they’re functional and cheap. The streets are quiet and safe, and there are plenty of parks and playgrounds. It has a library, three primary schools and a secondary school, St.Mark’s. It is friendly and offers a wide range of subjects and activities to children of all abilities and backgrounds. The town also has a swimming and a sports centre, and the community halls hold regular clubs and events for people of all ages.
C-21. What is the writer’s main purpose？
A、To explain what tourists can do in Horton.
B、To explain why Horton is a good place to live in.
C、To explain why Horton is not as pleasant as other towns.
D、To describe the history of Horton.
C-22.Which part of Horton does the writer find disappointing？
A、The shops.
B、Country park.
C、 Transport links.
D、The schools.
C-23. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of Horton？
A、Plenty of parks and playgrounds.
B、Historical buildings.
C、The quiet and safe streets.
D、Functional and cheap houses.
C-24. What advantages does Horton bring to workers？
A、There are plenty of jobs available in the town.
B、You can drive to nearby cities in a short time.
C、You can get to several cities quickly by train.
D、Working conditions are better here than in other towns.
In rejecting exercise, some people may be discouraged too much by calorieexpenditure charts, for example, one would have to briskly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in one delicious Danish pastry. Even exercise professionals concede half a point here. "Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight." said York Onnen, program director of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports.
Still exercise's supporting role in weight reduction is vital. A study at the Boston University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine maintained their new weight.
If you have been sedentary (极少活动的) and decide to start walking one mile a day, the added exercise could burn an extra 100 calories daily. In a year's time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. By increasing the distance of your walks gradually and making other dietary adjustments, you may lose even more weight.
What is said about the average American in the passage？
A．They tend to exaggerate the healthful effect of "light" beer.
B．They usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weight.
C．They prefer "light" beer and lowcalorie bread to other drinks and food.
D．They know the factors that play a positive role in keeping down body weight.
ICE-FISHING
If you drive north from Toronto for three hours, you come to Lake Nipissing. In winter, the lake becomes ice, and thousands of Canadian fishermen travel there each weekend. They build Little houses of wood on the ice and point them in bright colours. Then they sit inside to catch the fish that swim under the ice.
Bob Marvisch has come here at this time of year for twenty-five years. 'You need clothes that are light but worm: two pairs of socks and gloves, several thin sweaters and a snow suit on top. Catching the fish is easy,' he says. 'First you break the ice and make a small round hole in it. Next you take a fishing line and put some bread on it. Then you put the line through the hole and into the water. You pull the line up when the fish eat the bread. They are between ten and twenty centimetres Long. Some people Like to eat them, but when I have caught three or four fish, I prefer to have some chocolate or other snack! Today I have caught twenty- five! It's a great sport and you can meet some nice people here!
Fishermen only use the houses on Lake Nipissing in winter.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Doesn't say
The fans are wrong. More than anything else, digital cameras are radically【4】what photography means and what it can be. The venerable medium of photography【5】we know, it is beginning to seem out of【6】with the way we live. In our computer and camcorder【7】, saving pictures as digital【8】and watching them on TV is no less practical — and in many ways more【9】than fumbling with rolls of film that must be sent off to be【10】.
Paper is also terribly【11】. Pictures that are incorrectly framed,【12】, or lighted are nonetheless committed to film and ultimately processed into prints.
The digital medium changes the【13】. Still images that are【14】digitally can immediately be shown on a computer【15】, a TV screen, or a small liquid crystal display (LCD) built right into the camera. And since the points of light that【16】an image are saved as a series of digital bits in electronic memory,【17】being permanently etched onto film, they can be erased, retouched, and transmitted【18】.
What’s it like to【19】with one of these digital cameras？ It’s a little like a first date — exciting, confusing and fraught with【20】.
(1)
A．rather than
B．let alone
C．much less
D．so as to
Hurricanes normally originate as a small area of thunderstorms over the Atlantic Ocean west of the Cape Verde Islands during August or September. For several days, the area of the storm increases and the air pressure falls slowly. A center of low pressure forms, and winds begin to whirl around it. It is blown westward, increasing in size and strength.
Hurricane hunters then fly out to the storm in order to determine its size and intensity and to track its direction. They drop instruments for recording temperature, air pressure, and humidity (湿度), into the storm. They also look at the size of waves on the ocean, the clouds, and the eye of the storm. The eye is a region of relative calm and clear skies in the center of the hurricane. People often lose their lives by leaving shelter when the eye has arrived, only to be caught in tremendous winds again when the eye has passed.
once the forecasters have determined that it is likely the hurricane will reach shore, they issue a hurricane watch for a large, general area that may be in the path of the storm. Later, when the probable point of landfall is clearer, they will issue a hurricane warning for a somewhat more limited area. People in these areas are wise to stock up on nonperishable foods, flash light and radio batteries, candles, and other items they may need if electricity and water are not available after the stoma. They should also try to hurricane-proof their houses by bringing in light-weight furniture and other items from outside and covering windows. People living in low-lying areas are wise to evacuate their houses because of the storm surge, which is a large rush of water that may come ashore with the storm. Hurricanes generally lose power slowly while traveling over land, but many move out to sea, gather up force again, and return to land. As they move toward the north, they generally lose their identity as hurricanes.
The eye of the hurricane is ______ .
A.the powerful center of the storm
B.the part that determines its direction
C.the relatively calm center of the storm
D.the center of low pressure
Another strategy of large desert animals is to tolerate the loss of body water to a point that would be fatal for non-adapted animals. The camel can lose up to 30 percent of its body weight as water without harm to itself, whereas human beings die after losing only 12 to 13 percent of their body weight. An equally important adaptation is the ability to replenish (Sheik) this water loss at one drink. Desert animals can drink huge volumes in a short time, and camels have been known to imbibe (吸收) over 100 liters in a few minutes. A very dehydrated person, on the other hand, cannot drink enough water to rehydrate at one session, because the human stomach is not sufficiently big and because a too rapid dilution of the body fluids causes death from water intoxication. The tolerance of water loss is of obvious advantage in the desert, as animals do not have to remain near a water hole but can obtain food from grazing sparse pastures. Desert-adapted mammals have the further ability to feed normally when extremely dehydrated, it is a common experience in people that appetite is lost even under conditions of moderate thirst.
What is the passage mainly about？
A．Animals developed different strategies to survive.
B．Large animals can take strategies to reduce the effect of extreme heat.
C．Animals can tolerate the loss of body water.
D．A very dehydrated person can drink enough water to rehydrate.
