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The main energy foods are the carbohydrates (碳水化合物).These are the sugars and starches(淀粉). Wheat and rice are rich in starch and many fruits and vegetables contain considerable amount of sugar. Sweets, honey and jam are also rich in sugar.
Like carbohydrates, fats are food that provides us with energy. Butter, margarine, certain types of fish, eggs, cooking oils and most red meats are rich in fats. Fats can be stored in various parts of the body as reserves of energy. Because fats in general are slowly digested, they satisfy hunger for long periods.
Proteins (蛋白质) are very complex substances. The body needs proteins for the growth of new cells and for the repair and replacement of old cells. Foods rich in proteins are essential to a balanced diet. Milk, some vegetables, meat, chicken, fish, cheese, grains and nuts are some foods rich in proteins.
A good diet will contain a variety of foods so that the body contains all the minerals it needs for good health.
Vitamins are necessary for the proper working of the body. If we eat a variety of foods, we can be sure of obtaining all the vitamins we need.
Water makes up about 70 per cent of the weight of the human body. The average adult needs about two liters of water daily to replace the water the body loses.
1.Of the following substances, which are not used as sources of energy by living things？()
A. Starches
B. Vitamins
C. Proteins
D. Fats
2.If equal weight of the following substances is “burned” in the body,
A. carbohydrates
B. fats
C. vitamins
D. mineral salts
3.A boy grows five centimeters a year.The new material
A. fats
B. vitamins
C. proteins
D.carbohydrates
4.Which of the following is not true？()
A. If a man weighs 150 pounds, 105 pounds are water.
B. Apple, butter and meat are rich in proteins.
C. A well-balanced diet contains proteins, fats, minerals and vitamins.
D. Biscuits, cake and sweets may provide us with energy.
5.People can get all the minerals the body needs by().
A. having a balanced diet
B. drinking more milk
C. eating fruits and vegetables
D. having more fish and eggs
Cheese is perhaps the first food to be manufactured that is currently
consumed by humans. The oldest written records have references to cheese S1.______
as a food. Today, cheese is available in an almost numerable variety of
kinds, flavors and consistencies. Cheese is made by many different races of S2.______
people under wide varying conditions all over tide face of the earth. And the S3.______
peoples who eat it like the various flavors and consistencies produced. S4.______
For the better understanding of the art and sciences of cheese-making S5.______
one needs to know what kind of product it is and how the manufacturer pro-
cedures developed over the years. Even though the varieties differ quite
widely in composition, cheese can be characterized as a product made from S6.______
milk in that the protein is coagulated and concentrated. S7.______
For centuries, cheese-making has been a farm and home industry with
the individual producers using surplus milk to make small batches of
cheese. Goat cheese making in the US still follows this general practice. It S8.______
was, and still is to a considerate degree, an art; since the middle of
the 19th century, however, more and more cheese has been made in specially
equipped factories with greater application of science in the manufacturing
procedure. Milk from all species has been used for cheese making. Be- S9.______
cause more attention has been given with increasing the productivity of the
bovine species, a large proportion of commercial cheese is now made from S10.______
cow milk; the milk from the buffalo, zebu, sheep and goats is also used extensively.
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