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Milk was one of the main foods for people long before history was written.Maybe【21】will re

Milk was one of the main foods for people long before history was written. Maybe【21】will remain an important food as long as there are【22】that give milk. The old word "milk"【23】Sanskrit(梵文), one of the oldest【24】known to man. A very old picture of milking,【25】was drawn five thousand years ago, has been found.

In the years long ago, people got their milk【26】their own animals. But【27】modern times new inventions made the milk industry(产业) a big business.【28】1851 Gall Borden found a way to【29】some of the water out from milk. This made milk keep longer. Four years later, Louis Pasteur【30】 a way to kill the bacteria(细菌) in milk. Then a special milk bottle was made. This was followed【31】 the invention of machines that could fill bottles with milk. The discoveries had a great effect(影响) on the milk industry. They meant that milk could be kept longer.

Some people believe that milk drinking will become less popular【32】 it has been. But remember how long milk has been an important food【33】 think of the many ways【34】 it is useful. It seems【35】 to say that the milk industry will always be important.

(36)

A．it

B．they

C．he

D．she

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更多“Milk was one of the main foods…”相关的问题

第1题

Cheese is perhaps the first food to be manufactured that is currentlyconsumed by humans. T

Cheese is perhaps the first food to be manufactured that is currently

consumed by humans. The oldest written records have references to cheese S1.______

as a food. Today, cheese is available in an almost numerable variety of

kinds, flavors and consistencies. Cheese is made by many different races of S2.______

people under wide varying conditions all over tide face of the earth. And the S3.______

peoples who eat it like the various flavors and consistencies produced. S4.______

For the better understanding of the art and sciences of cheese-making S5.______

one needs to know what kind of product it is and how the manufacturer pro-

cedures developed over the years. Even though the varieties differ quite

widely in composition, cheese can be characterized as a product made from S6.______

milk in that the protein is coagulated and concentrated. S7.______

For centuries, cheese-making has been a farm and home industry with

the individual producers using surplus milk to make small batches of

cheese. Goat cheese making in the US still follows this general practice. It S8.______

was, and still is to a considerate degree, an art; since the middle of

the 19th century, however, more and more cheese has been made in specially

equipped factories with greater application of science in the manufacturing

procedure. Milk from all species has been used for cheese making. Be- S9.______

cause more attention has been given with increasing the productivity of the

bovine species, a large proportion of commercial cheese is now made from S10.______

cow milk; the milk from the buffalo, zebu, sheep and goats is also used extensively.

【S1】

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第2题

For some time past it has been widelyaccepted that babies-and other creatures-learn to do

For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies-and other creatures-learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards”; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological (生理的)“drives” as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.

It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.

Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to“reward” the babies and so taught them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement“switched on” a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.

Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would“smile and bubble” when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.

According to the author, babies learn to do things which______.

A．are directly related to pleasure

B．will meet their physical needs

C．will bring them a feeling of success

D．will satisfy their curiosity

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第3题

For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do

things because certain acts lead to" rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.

It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.

Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement "switched on" a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result. For instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.

Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble ''when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.

According to the author, babies learn to do things which ______. ()

A．are directly related to pleasure

B．will meet their physical needs

C．will bring them a feeling of success

D．will satisfy their curiosity

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第4题

Passage One Every morning, kids from a local high school are working hard. They are maki

Passage One

Every morning, kids from a local high school are working hard. They are making and selling special coffee at a coffee cafe. They are also making a lot of money.

These students can make up to twelve hundred dollars a day. They are selling their special coffee to airplane passengers. After the students get paid, the rest of the money goes to helping a local youth project.

These high school students use a space in the Oakland airport. It is usually very crowded. Many people who fly on the planes like to drink the special coffee.

One customer thinks that the coffee costs a lot but it is good and worth it. Most customers are pleasant but some are unhappy. They do not like it if the coffee cafe is not open for business.

The students earn $ 6.10 an hour plus tips. They also get school credit while they learn how to run a business. Many of the students enjoy the work although it took some time 1o learn how to do it.

They have to learn how to steam milk, load the pots, and add flavor. It takes some skill and sometimes

mistakes are made. The most common mistake is forgetting to add the coffee.

36. Based on the passage, it seems that the purpose of the cafe is to______.

A. learn a skill

B. help a youth project

C. do business

D. earn school credit

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第5题

Part of a research study, by scientists at McMaster university, which is ongoing into

the influence of drinking milk after heavy weightlifting, has observed that milk helps exercisers burn more fat.

The scientists took three groups of young men 18 to 30 years of age,56 in total, and put them through a strict, fivedayperweek weightlifting program over a 12week period. Following their workouts, study participants drank either two cups of skim milk (脱脂奶), or a soy beverage with equivalent amounts of protein and energy, or a carbohydrate beverage (碳酸饮料) with an equivalent amount of energy.

Upon the study’s conclusion, scientists observed that：the milk drinking group had lost nearly twice as much fat—two pounds—as those in the carbohydrate beverage group, who lost one pound of fat. Those drinking soy lost no fat. At the same time, the gain in muscle was much greater among the milk drinkers than either the soy or carbohydrate beverage participants.

As published in the first stage of the study, the milk drinking group came out on top in terms of muscle gain with an estimated 40 percent or 2.5 pounds more muscle mass than the soy beverage drinkers. In addition, this group gained 63 percent or 3.3 pounds more muscle mass than the carbohydrate beverage drinkers.

“I think the evidence is beginning to increase, ”says Stuart Phillips—the leader of the study.“Milk may be best known for its calcium (钙) content in supporting bone health, but our research, and later others’, can continually support milk’s ability to aid in muscle growth and also promote body fat loss. Milk is the ideal postworkout drink for recreational exercisers and athletes alike.”

46.According to the study, which is the best drink for exercisers to lose weight？()

A、Fruit juice

B、Soy beverage

C、Skim milk

D、Carbohydrate beverage

47.From the passage we can learn that milk has a good effect on all of the following EXCEPT________.

A、muscle gain

B、brain development

C、bone health

D、fat loss

48.According to the passage, we can know that_____.

A、the scientists chose people aged 18,30 and 56 as participants of the research

B、the weightlifting program which study participants attended was 84 days in total

C、people who drink milk every day are always healthier and thinner than others

D、soy beverages are better than carbohydrate beverages for exercisers to gain muscle

49.What does Philips want to tell us？()

A、More evidence is needed to strengthen their research

B、Milk has more calcium than soy or carbohydrate beverages

C、The calcium in milk can also help gain muscle and lose fat

D、Athletes should be forbidden to drink other beverages except milk

50.What does the passage mainly talk about？()

A、What exercisers should do to lose weight

B、How milk influences people’s health and figure

C、The differences between milk and soy or carbohydrate beverages

D、A research on the effect of drinking milk—gain muscle and lose fat

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第6题

阅读题：For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies-and other creatures-learn to do

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.

For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies-and other creatures-learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological(生理的) "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.

It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.

Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement "switched on" a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.

Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.

36. According to the author, babies learn to do things which .

A) are directly related to pleasure

B) will meet their physical needs

C) will bring them a feeling of success

D) will satisfy their curiosity

37. Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby .

A) would make learned responses when it saw the milk

B) would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink

C) would continue the simple movements without being given milk

D) would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink

38. In Papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to .

A) have the lights turned on

B) be rewarded with milk

C) please their parents

D) be praised

39. The babies would "smile and bubble" at the lights because .

A) the lights were directly related to some basic "drives"

B) the sight of the lights was interesting

C) they need not turn back to watch the lights

D) they succeeded in "switching on" the lights

40. According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of .

A) a basic human desire to understand and control the world

B) the satisfaction of certain physiological needs

C) their strong desire to solve complex problems

D) a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills

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第7题

After a day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health.

During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.

There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to another. Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move quickly (although your eye-lids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement.

If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep will put you to sleep.

A good title for this passage is______.

A．Sleep

B．Good Health

C．Dreams

D．Work and Rest

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第8题

After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good hea

lth. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.

There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.

Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly. This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement.

If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep will put you to sleep!

A good title for this passage is ______.

A．Sleep

B．Good Health

C．Play and Study

D．Work and Rest

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第9题

One of medicine's fundamental beliefs about pregnancy and the development of the human fet

us has been challenged. Until recently, it was thought that the fetus was a parasite capable of extracting all the nutrients it needed from the mother. It is now realized that adequate nutrition during the entire course of the pregnancy is necessary for proper fetal development.

In early pregnancy, certain changes occur in the mother's gastrointestinal tract, resulting in more efficient absorption of specific nutrients, such as iron and calcium. Furthermore, the maternal blood supply increases, so that nutrients can be transported via the uterine and placental blood systems: If the mother is undernourished, this "lifeline" to the fetus will be inadequately developed. Finally, fat is accumulated within the body to store the energy necessary for lactation (milk production), This preparation for lactation is so important that if the mother is inadequately nourished, it will take place even at the expense of fetal growth. It is a logical developmental occurrence, since in the natural world, no infant can survive without successful breastfeeding, and thus fetal growth is less of a priority.

According to the passage, which of the following is required for lactation？

A．Fat storage.

B．Iron and calcium.

C．Increased blood supply.

D．A well-nourished placenta.

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第10题

Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questio

ns or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage 1

Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage:

After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. (76) The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.

There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.

Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement.

(77) If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep will put you to sleep!

1. A good title for this passage is .

A. Sleep

B. Good

C. Dreams

D. Work and Rest

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